A compaction roller is a heavy construction machine used to compact soil, asphalt, or gravel during road building and other construction projects. It works by applying pressure to the surface, reducing air gaps and increasing density, which helps create a stable foundation for roads and structures. There are different types of compaction rollers, including static rollers and vibratory rollers. Static rollers rely on their weight to compress materials, while vibratory rollers use vibrations to enhance the compaction process. Both types are essential for ensuring the durability and longevity of surfaces like roads and parking lots.