Color vision is the ability of the human eye to perceive different wavelengths of light as distinct colors. This process occurs in the retina, where specialized cells called cones detect light and send signals to the brain. There are three types of cones, each sensitive to different parts of the light spectrum: red, green, and blue. The brain then combines these signals to create the full range of colors we see. Color vision can vary among individuals due to genetic factors or conditions like color blindness. Most people have normal color vision, allowing them to distinguish millions of colors. However, those with color blindness may struggle to differentiate between certain colors, often red and green, due to the absence or malfunction of specific cone types.