College history refers to the development and evolution of institutions of higher education over time. The first universities emerged in the Middle Ages, with notable examples like the University of Bologna and University of Paris. These institutions were initially focused on religious studies but gradually expanded to include various fields such as law, medicine, and the arts. In the United States, colleges began to form in the 17th century, with Harvard University established in 1636 as the first institution. Over the years, colleges evolved to promote broader access to education, leading to the establishment of community colleges and online programs, making higher education more accessible to diverse populations.