Collapse, or failure, refers to a situation where a system, structure, or organization ceases to function effectively. This can occur in various contexts, such as engineering, economics, or ecosystems. For example, a building may collapse due to poor construction, while an economy may fail due to mismanagement or external shocks. In nature, collapse can happen when an ecosystem loses its balance, leading to the extinction of species or the degradation of habitats. Understanding the causes and consequences of collapse is crucial for developing strategies to prevent or mitigate such failures in both human-made and natural systems.