Cognition in animals refers to the mental processes that enable them to perceive, learn, remember, and solve problems. Different species exhibit varying levels of cognitive abilities, with some animals, like dolphins and great apes, demonstrating advanced problem-solving skills and social learning. These abilities help them adapt to their environments and improve their chances of survival. Research in animal cognition often involves studying behaviors such as tool use, communication, and memory. For example, crows are known for their ability to use tools to obtain food, while elephants display impressive memory skills, allowing them to navigate complex social structures and remember locations of water sources over long periods.