Coccidioides is a genus of fungi that causes a disease known as coccidioidomycosis, or valley fever. This fungus is primarily found in arid regions of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and parts of Central and South America. It thrives in soil and can become airborne when disturbed, leading to inhalation by humans and animals. Once inhaled, Coccidioides can cause respiratory symptoms, ranging from mild flu-like signs to severe pneumonia. Most healthy individuals recover without treatment, but some may develop chronic or disseminated forms of the disease, which can affect other organs. Awareness and prevention are important, especially in endemic areas.