A coalition government is formed when two or more political parties come together to create a majority in a legislative body. This often happens in systems where no single party wins enough seats to govern alone, requiring collaboration to achieve common goals and pass laws. In a coalition, parties negotiate and agree on a shared agenda, which may involve compromises on policies and leadership roles. This type of government can promote stability and representation, as it reflects a broader range of views, but it can also lead to conflicts and challenges in decision-making.