Clinical testing refers to the process of evaluating new medical treatments, drugs, or devices in humans to determine their safety and effectiveness. This process typically involves several phases, starting with small groups of volunteers and gradually expanding to larger populations. The goal is to gather data that can support regulatory approval and ensure that the treatment works as intended. During clinical testing, researchers monitor participants for any side effects and measure how well the treatment performs compared to existing options or a placebo. This systematic approach helps ensure that new therapies, such as those for diseases like cancer or diabetes, are both safe and beneficial before they become widely available.