Climate systems refer to the complex interactions between the atmosphere, oceans, land, and living organisms that shape the Earth's climate. These systems are influenced by factors such as solar radiation, ocean currents, and greenhouse gases, which all play a role in regulating temperatures and weather patterns. Understanding these interactions helps scientists predict climate changes and their impacts on the environment. The Earth's climate system is divided into different components, including the hydrosphere (water), lithosphere (land), atmosphere (air), and biosphere (living things). Each component interacts with the others, creating a dynamic balance. For example, forests absorb carbon dioxide, helping to mitigate climate change, while oceans store heat and influence weather patterns.