The term "Chola" refers to a prominent dynasty that ruled parts of southern India and Sri Lanka from the 9th to the 13th centuries. The Chola Empire is known for its significant contributions to art, architecture, and literature, with remarkable temples like the Brihadeeswarar Temple showcasing intricate sculptures and engineering prowess. The Cholas were also influential in trade and maritime activities, establishing a strong naval presence in the Indian Ocean. Their rule facilitated cultural exchanges and spread Hinduism and Buddhism across Southeast Asia, impacting regions such as Indonesia and Malaysia.