Chemical fertilizers are synthetic substances that provide essential nutrients to plants, primarily nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. These nutrients help improve plant growth, increase crop yields, and enhance soil fertility. Chemical fertilizers are often produced in granule or liquid form and can be easily applied to fields or gardens. While chemical fertilizers can boost agricultural productivity, they may also lead to environmental concerns. Overuse can result in soil degradation, water pollution, and harm to beneficial organisms. Sustainable practices, such as crop rotation and organic fertilizers, are often recommended to balance the benefits of chemical fertilizers with environmental health.