Chemical etching is a process used to create designs or patterns on materials, typically metals or glass, by using chemical reactions. In this technique, a protective layer is applied to the surface, and then a chemical solution is used to remove the unprotected areas. This allows for precise and intricate designs to be formed. The process is commonly used in various industries, including electronics for creating circuit boards, and in art for producing detailed engravings. It is favored for its ability to produce fine details that are difficult to achieve with traditional mechanical methods.