Checkpoint inhibition is a cancer treatment strategy that targets specific proteins on immune cells, known as immune checkpoints. These proteins normally help regulate the immune response, preventing it from attacking healthy cells. However, some cancer cells exploit these checkpoints to evade detection and destruction by the immune system. By using checkpoint inhibitors, which are a type of immunotherapy, doctors can block these proteins, allowing the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells more effectively. This approach has shown promise in treating various cancers, including melanoma and lung cancer, and has led to significant advancements in cancer therapy.