Chaturanga is an ancient Indian board game that is considered a precursor to modern chess. It originated around the 6th century AD and was played on an 8x8 grid. The game features four types of pieces representing different military units: infantry, cavalry, elephants, and chariots. Players aim to checkmate their opponent's king, similar to the objective in chess. The name "Chaturanga" translates to "four divisions of the military," reflecting its strategic nature. Over time, the game spread to Persia, where it evolved into Shah Mat, and eventually made its way to Europe, leading to the development of contemporary chess.