Charles FitzWilliam, 5th Earl of Southampton (1781–1846), was a British nobleman known for his role in the House of Lords. He inherited the title from his father, Charles FitzWilliam, 4th Earl of Southampton, and was involved in various social and political activities during his lifetime. He was also a prominent landowner and held significant estates, including Southampton House in London. The 5th Earl was known for his contributions to the arts and his patronage of various cultural initiatives, reflecting the interests of the British aristocracy in the 19th century.