Charge distribution refers to how electric charge is spread over a surface or throughout a volume. It can be uniform, where charge is evenly distributed, or non-uniform, where charge varies in density. Understanding charge distribution is essential in fields like electrostatics and electromagnetism, as it affects electric fields and forces. In practical applications, charge distribution plays a crucial role in the behavior of capacitors, conductors, and insulators. For example, in a charged conductor, excess charge resides on the surface, influencing nearby objects and creating electric fields. Analyzing charge distribution helps predict how systems will respond to external influences.