The Chagatai Khanate was a Mongol state established in the 13th century, named after Chagatai, the second son of Genghis Khan. It was part of the larger Mongol Empire and covered regions in Central Asia, including parts of modern-day Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and western China. The khanate played a significant role in trade along the Silk Road, facilitating cultural and economic exchanges between the East and West. The Chagatai Khanate was divided into two main regions: the eastern part, known as Moghulistan, and the western part, which included Transoxiana. Over time, it experienced fragmentation and internal conflicts, leading to the rise of local powers. The khanate eventually declined in the 15th century, influenced by the emergence of new empires in the region.