Cementum formation is the process by which a specialized calcified tissue, known as cementum, develops on the roots of teeth. This tissue plays a crucial role in anchoring the periodontal ligaments that connect teeth to the jawbone. Cementum is produced by cementoblasts, which are specialized cells that secrete the organic matrix of the cementum. The formation of cementum begins during tooth development and continues throughout life, especially during tooth eruption and in response to wear or injury. There are two main types of cementum: acellular cementum, which is formed first and is primarily found in the cervical region, and cellular cementum, which contains living cells and is found in the apical region of the root.