The Cellular Stress Response is a set of mechanisms that cells activate when they encounter harmful conditions, such as heat, toxins, or lack of nutrients. This response helps maintain cellular function and survival by repairing damage, removing harmful proteins, and restoring normal conditions. Key components of this response include heat shock proteins and antioxidant enzymes, which assist in protein folding and neutralizing reactive oxygen species. By effectively managing stress, cells can adapt to changes and prevent diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.