Cellular differentiation is the process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type. This process is essential for the development of multicellular organisms, allowing cells to take on specific functions, such as muscle contraction or nerve signal transmission. Differentiation is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, guiding cells to develop into various tissues and organs. During differentiation, cells undergo changes in gene expression, which leads to the development of distinct structures and functions. For example, a stem cell can differentiate into various cell types, such as red blood cells or neurons, depending on the signals it receives. This ability is crucial for growth, repair, and maintaining the body's overall function.