Cell differentiation is the process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type. This occurs during the development of an organism, where stem cells, which can become any cell type, gradually transform into specific cells like muscle cells, nerve cells, or blood cells. This specialization allows cells to perform unique functions essential for the organism's growth and maintenance. The differentiation process is influenced by various factors, including genetic instructions and environmental signals. These factors guide the cells in developing their specific structures and functions, ensuring that each cell type contributes effectively to the overall functioning of the organism.