A Cavity Magnetron is a type of vacuum tube that generates microwave radiation. It works by using a magnetic field to control the movement of electrons, which then oscillate in cavities within the tube. This oscillation produces microwave energy, commonly used in applications like radar and microwave ovens. Invented during World War II, the cavity magnetron significantly advanced radar technology, allowing for better detection of enemy aircraft and ships. Its design consists of a central cathode surrounded by a series of resonant cavities, which enhance the efficiency of microwave production.