A catchment area is a region where all the water that falls as rain or snow drains into a specific body of water, such as a river, lake, or reservoir. This area collects surface runoff and groundwater, directing it towards the water source. Catchment areas are crucial for managing water resources and understanding hydrology. In urban planning, catchment areas help determine the best locations for services like schools and hospitals. They also play a role in environmental conservation, as protecting these areas can improve water quality and support local ecosystems. Effective management of catchment areas is essential for sustainable development.