Catalytic desulfurization is a chemical process used to remove sulfur compounds from fuels, such as gasoline and diesel. This process helps reduce harmful emissions when these fuels are burned, making them more environmentally friendly. It typically involves the use of a catalyst, which speeds up the reaction without being consumed in the process. The main goal of catalytic desulfurization is to meet regulatory standards for sulfur content in fuels, as high sulfur levels can lead to air pollution and acid rain. By using this technology, refineries can produce cleaner fuels that contribute to better air quality and reduced environmental impact.