Catalina Observatory is an astronomical research facility located in the Santa Catalina Mountains of Arizona. Established in 1954, it is part of the University of Arizona and focuses on various astronomical studies, including the observation of near-Earth objects and other celestial phenomena. The observatory features several telescopes, including the Catalina Sky Survey telescope, which plays a crucial role in detecting and tracking asteroids and comets. Its location at a high elevation provides clear skies, making it an ideal site for astronomical observations and research.