The Castilian Empire refers to the vast territories and influence established by the Kingdom of Castile during the late Middle Ages and the early modern period. It played a crucial role in the formation of modern Spain and was instrumental in the Age of Exploration, leading to the discovery of the Americas. The empire expanded through conquests and colonization, significantly impacting global trade and culture. At its height, the Castilian Empire included regions in the Americas, parts of Africa, and territories in Europe. Key figures such as Christopher Columbus and Hernán Cortés were pivotal in expanding its reach. The empire's legacy is evident in the Spanish language and culture that spread across the world.