The term "Carolingian" refers to a dynasty that ruled much of Western Europe during the early Middle Ages, particularly from the 8th to the 10th centuries. It is named after Charlemagne, one of its most notable kings, who expanded the Frankish empire and was crowned Emperor of the Romans in 800 AD. The Carolingian period is marked by significant cultural and political developments, including the revival of learning and the arts, known as the Carolingian Renaissance. The Carolingian Empire played a crucial role in shaping European history, as it laid the foundations for modern nations like France and Germany. The dynasty's influence extended beyond politics, fostering the spread of Christianity and the establishment of monasteries. The legacy of the Carolingians is evident in the administrative and legal systems that emerged during this time, which would influence future European governance.