Canning and bottling are methods of preserving food and beverages by sealing them in airtight containers. This process helps prevent spoilage and extends shelf life. Common items for canning include fruits, vegetables, and sauces, while bottling is often used for liquids like juices, sauces, and beverages. The process typically involves heating the containers to kill bacteria and enzymes that cause spoilage. Canning jars and bottles are usually made of glass or metal, and proper sealing techniques are essential to ensure safety. Both methods are popular for home preservation and commercial food production.