Canal expansion refers to the process of widening or deepening existing canals to accommodate larger vessels and increase shipping capacity. This is often necessary to improve trade efficiency and reduce transportation costs. Expanding a canal can involve significant engineering work, including dredging and reinforcing canal banks. One notable example of canal expansion is the Panama Canal, which underwent a major expansion project completed in 2016. This project added a new set of locks, allowing larger ships, known as New Panamax vessels, to transit the canal. Such expansions can have substantial economic impacts on global trade routes.