Canadian Confederation refers to the process that united the three British colonies of Canada East, Canada West, and Nova Scotia along with New Brunswick into a single Dominion known as Canada on July 1, 1867. This union aimed to create a stronger political and economic structure to address issues such as defense, trade, and governance. The British North America Act, passed by the British Parliament, facilitated this union. The Confederation was driven by various factors, including the desire for a more effective government and the need for a unified defense against potential threats, particularly from the United States. Over time, other provinces and territories joined, expanding Canada into the vast nation it is today.