Calibration is the process of adjusting and fine-tuning a device or instrument to ensure its accuracy and precision. For example, a thermometer may need calibration to provide correct temperature readings. This is important in various fields, such as science, engineering, and medicine, where precise measurements are crucial for safety and effectiveness. During calibration, a known standard is used to compare the instrument's readings. If discrepancies are found, adjustments are made to align the instrument with the standard. Regular calibration helps maintain the reliability of tools like scales, pressure gauges, and pH meters, ensuring they perform correctly over time.