CYP1A1 is a gene that encodes an enzyme belonging to the cytochrome P450 family. This enzyme plays a crucial role in the metabolism of various substances, including drugs and environmental toxins. It is primarily found in the liver and is involved in the detoxification process, helping to convert harmful compounds into less toxic forms. The activity of CYP1A1 can be influenced by factors such as exposure to certain chemicals, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) found in tobacco smoke and grilled foods. Variations in the CYP1A1 gene may also affect individual responses to medications and susceptibility to diseases, including certain types of cancer, making it an important area of research in pharmacogenomics and toxicology.