CDKN2A is a gene located on chromosome 9 that plays a crucial role in regulating the cell cycle. It produces proteins that help control cell division and prevent the growth of tumors. Mutations in this gene can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation, increasing the risk of certain cancers, particularly melanoma. The CDKN2A gene is often studied in relation to hereditary cancer syndromes. Individuals with inherited mutations in this gene have a higher likelihood of developing melanoma and other cancers, such as pancreatic cancer. Genetic testing for CDKN2A can help assess cancer risk and guide preventive measures.