Burton Malkiel is an American economist and author, best known for his influential book, A Random Walk Down Wall Street. First published in 1973, the book popularized the idea that stock prices are unpredictable and that a passive investment strategy can outperform active management over time. Malkiel advocates for the use of index funds as a way for individual investors to achieve better returns. Malkiel has held various academic positions, including a long tenure as a professor at Princeton University. He has also served as a member of the Council of Economic Advisers and has been involved in several financial organizations. His work has significantly shaped modern investment strategies and financial education.