The Bureau of Ethnology was established in 1879 as part of the Smithsonian Institution in the United States. Its primary mission is to study and document the cultures, languages, and histories of indigenous peoples, particularly those in North America. The Bureau conducts research, collects artifacts, and publishes findings to promote understanding of diverse cultures. Over the years, the Bureau has contributed significantly to the field of anthropology through its extensive archives and publications. It has played a crucial role in preserving the heritage of various indigenous groups and fostering appreciation for their traditions and contributions to society.