Building Automation Systems (BAS) are centralized systems that control a building's mechanical and electrical equipment. This includes heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC), lighting, security, and fire safety systems. By automating these functions, BAS enhances energy efficiency, comfort, and safety within buildings. These systems use sensors, controllers, and software to monitor and manage building operations. For example, they can adjust temperature settings based on occupancy or time of day, reducing energy consumption. BAS can also provide real-time data and alerts, helping facility managers maintain optimal conditions and respond quickly to issues.