Buffer and chain couplers are essential components in railway systems. A buffer coupler connects two train cars, allowing for some movement while absorbing shocks during coupling and decoupling. This helps to prevent damage to the train cars and ensures a smoother ride. Chain couplers, on the other hand, use a chain mechanism to link train cars together. They provide a strong connection and are often used in freight trains. Both types of couplers play a crucial role in maintaining the safety and efficiency of train operations, ensuring that trains can operate effectively over various distances.