Buffer capacity refers to the ability of a solution to resist changes in pH when acids or bases are added. This property is crucial in various chemical and biological processes, as it helps maintain a stable environment. A solution with high buffer capacity can absorb significant amounts of acid or base without experiencing a substantial change in pH. Buffers are typically made from a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. Common examples include acetic acid and sodium acetate, which together can effectively stabilize the pH in many laboratory and biological applications.