Brian Arthur is an American economist known for his work in the field of complexity economics. He is a pioneer in understanding how technology and innovation drive economic growth. Arthur's research emphasizes the importance of increasing returns and the role of networks in shaping economic outcomes. He is also a professor at the Santa Fe Institute, where he explores the interplay between economics and complex systems. Arthur's influential ideas have contributed to the development of theories related to innovation, technology, and the dynamics of markets, making him a significant figure in contemporary economic thought.