Breeding techniques are methods used to produce new plants or animals with desired traits. These techniques can include selective breeding, where individuals with specific characteristics are chosen to mate, and crossbreeding, which involves combining different breeds or species to create hybrids. This helps enhance qualities like size, color, or disease resistance in crops and livestock. Another common technique is artificial insemination, where sperm is manually introduced to a female's reproductive system to increase the chances of pregnancy. This method is widely used in cattle and horses to improve genetic diversity and productivity. Overall, these techniques play a crucial role in agriculture and conservation.