The Brazilian Senate is the upper house of the National Congress of Brazil, responsible for reviewing and approving legislation proposed by the lower house, the Chamber of Deputies. It consists of 81 senators, with three elected from each of Brazil's 26 states and the Federal District. Senators serve an eight-year term, with half of the seats up for election every four years. The Senate plays a crucial role in the legislative process, including the power to approve or reject presidential nominations and treaties. It also has the authority to conduct investigations and oversee government actions, ensuring accountability within the Brazilian government.