A bounding sphere is a simple geometric shape used in computer graphics and physics to enclose a 3D object. It is defined by a center point and a radius, ensuring that the entire object fits within the sphere. This makes it easier to perform collision detection and visibility checks, as calculations involving spheres are less complex than those involving the actual shape of the object. Bounding spheres are commonly used in various applications, including video games and simulations, to optimize rendering and physics calculations. By using a bounding sphere, developers can quickly determine if two objects might collide, allowing for more efficient processing in environments with many objects, such as in 3D modeling or virtual reality.