Bottom ash is a byproduct generated from the combustion of coal in power plants. It is the heavier material that settles at the bottom of the furnace after the burning process. This ash is typically coarse and granular, containing minerals and unburned carbon. Bottom ash can be repurposed in various applications, such as in construction materials, road base, and as a lightweight aggregate in concrete. Its use helps reduce waste and promotes recycling, contributing to more sustainable practices in industries that rely on fossil fuels like coal for energy production.