Bloch Sphere
The Bloch Sphere is a geometrical representation of quantum states of a two-level quantum system, or qubit. It visualizes the state of the qubit as a point on or inside a sphere, where the poles represent the basis states, typically denoted as |0⟩ and |1⟩. Any point on the surface corresponds to a pure state, while points inside represent mixed states.
This model helps in understanding quantum phenomena such as superposition and entanglement. The angles on the sphere relate to the probabilities of measuring the qubit in either of its basis states, making it a crucial tool in quantum computing and quantum information theory.