The Black Hills War was a conflict between the United States government and the Lakota Sioux tribe in the late 19th century, primarily from 1876 to 1877. The war was sparked by the discovery of gold in the Black Hills, a sacred area for the Lakota, leading to an influx of miners and settlers. The U.S. government had previously signed treaties recognizing Lakota land rights, but these were ignored as tensions escalated. The conflict included notable battles, such as the Battle of Little Bighorn, where the Lakota, led by leaders like Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse, achieved a significant victory against U.S. forces commanded by George Armstrong Custer. Ultimately, the war ended with the U.S. government asserting control over the Black Hills, leading to ongoing disputes over land rights and compensation that continue to affect relations between the U.S. and the Lakota today.