The Birmingham pub bombings occurred on November 21, 1974, when two bombs exploded in pubs in Birmingham, England. The attacks were carried out by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), aiming to target British security forces and create fear among the public. The bombings resulted in the deaths of 21 people and injured over 180 others. In the aftermath, the bombings led to significant political and social repercussions in the UK. The incident intensified the conflict known as The Troubles, a period of violent conflict in Northern Ireland and its neighboring regions. The bombings also raised questions about security measures and the effectiveness of intelligence operations.