Biospecimen research involves the collection and analysis of biological samples, such as blood, tissue, or saliva, to study health and disease. These samples help scientists understand how diseases develop, progress, and respond to treatments. By examining biospecimens, researchers can identify biomarkers that may indicate the presence of a disease or predict how a patient will respond to a specific therapy. This type of research is crucial for advancing personalized medicine, where treatments are tailored to individual patients based on their unique biological makeup. Institutions like the National Cancer Institute and various universities often conduct biospecimen research to improve diagnostic methods and develop new therapies.