Bike components are the various parts that make up a bicycle, each serving a specific function. Key components include the frame, which provides the structure; the wheels, which allow for movement; and the brakes, which enable stopping. Other important parts are the gears, which help with speed and efficiency, and the handlebars, which provide steering control. Additionally, the saddle offers a place for the rider to sit, while the pedals allow for propulsion. Each component works together to create a functional and efficient bike, making it essential for riders to understand these parts for maintenance and upgrades.