Beta-2 adrenergic receptors are a type of protein found on the surface of certain cells in the body. They belong to a larger family of receptors known as adrenergic receptors, which respond to hormones like epinephrine and norepinephrine. When activated, these receptors play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes, including relaxation of smooth muscles, dilation of airways, and increased blood flow to muscles. These receptors are particularly important in the respiratory system, where they help to open up the airways, making it easier to breathe. Medications that target Beta-2 adrenergic receptors, such as albuterol, are commonly used to treat conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by promoting bronchodilation and improving airflow.