Bax is a protein that plays a crucial role in the process of apoptosis, which is the programmed cell death essential for maintaining healthy cellular function. It is part of the Bcl-2 family of proteins, which regulate cell survival and death. Bax promotes apoptosis by facilitating the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria, leading to the activation of caspases, the enzymes responsible for cell dismantling. In healthy cells, Bax is usually found in the cytosol in an inactive form. When a cell receives signals to undergo apoptosis, Bax undergoes a conformational change, translocating to the mitochondria. This action is vital for the elimination of damaged or unwanted cells, contributing to processes such as development, immune response, and tissue homeostasis.